Nigeria boasts a rich history of higher education, with some of its universities dating back to the colonial era. These institutions have not only played a pivotal role in shaping Nigeria’s academic landscape but also contributed significantly to the socio-economic and political development of the country. In this blog, we take a closer look at the 10 oldest universities in Nigeria, their founding dates, and what makes them stand out today.
1. University of Ibadan (UI)
- Founded: 1948
- Location: Ibadan, Oyo State
The University of Ibadan is Nigeria’s first and oldest university. It was originally established as a college of the University of London before becoming autonomous in 1962. UI is known for its excellence in research and its long-standing academic traditions. It offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs.
2. University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN)
- Founded: 1960
- Location: Nsukka, Enugu State
Founded by Nigeria’s first president, Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, UNN was the first indigenous university in Nigeria. It was modeled after the American educational system and remains a leader in agriculture, medicine, and the arts.
3. Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU)
- Founded: 1961 (as University of Ife)
- Location: Ile-Ife, Osun State
Initially known as the University of Ife, OAU was renamed in honor of Chief Obafemi Awolowo. It is widely respected for its striking campus architecture, strong academic structure, and progressive social sciences and engineering faculties.
4. Ahmadu Bello University (ABU)
- Founded: 1962
- Location: Zaria, Kaduna State
Ahmadu Bello University is one of the largest and most influential universities in Nigeria. Named after the Sardauna of Sokoto, it was established to serve the educational needs of Northern Nigeria and has a strong presence in agriculture, law, and Islamic studies.
5. University of Lagos (UNILAG)
- Founded: 1962
- Location: Lagos State
UNILAG is one of Nigeria’s most popular and urban-based universities. Strategically located in Lagos, it has produced numerous alumni who have made significant contributions in business, law, media, and politics.
6. University of Benin (UNIBEN)
- Founded: 1970
- Location: Benin City, Edo State
UNIBEN started as an institute of technology before it became a full-fledged university. Today, it is renowned for its research output, especially in science, engineering, and medicine.
7. Bayero University, Kano (BUK)
- Founded: 1975
- Location: Kano State
BUK began as a college affiliated with Ahmadu Bello University and later became an autonomous university. It serves as a major center for Islamic studies, agriculture, and education in Northern Nigeria.
8. University of Calabar (UNICAL)
- Founded: 1975
- Location: Calabar, Cross River State
UNICAL was formerly a campus of the University of Nigeria before it gained independence in 1975. It is known for its beautiful coastal location and vibrant academic culture, especially in education and health sciences.
9. University of Ilorin (UNILORIN)
- Founded: 1975
- Location: Ilorin, Kwara State
UNILORIN is popular for its stable academic calendar and has earned a reputation for academic excellence. It consistently ranks among the top universities in Nigeria and has one of the largest student populations.
10. University of Jos (UNIJOS)
- Founded: 1975
- Location: Jos, Plateau State
UNIJOS began as a satellite campus of the University of Ibadan and became independent in 1975. It is known for its peaceful environment and academic strength in the arts, humanities, and social sciences.
Legacy and Impact of Nigeria’s Oldest Universities
The oldest universities in Nigeria have played critical roles in shaping the nation’s development. They have produced some of the most influential political leaders, technocrats, academics, and entrepreneurs. Their commitment to research, innovation, and human capital development continues to influence every sector of Nigerian life.
These institutions have also helped to preserve Nigerian culture and heritage through research and academic programs focused on indigenous knowledge, literature, and languages.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q1: Which is the oldest university in Nigeria?
A: The University of Ibadan, founded in 1948, is the oldest university in Nigeria.
Q2: Are these universities still among the best in Nigeria?
A: Yes, most of these universities are consistently ranked among the top in Nigeria and West Africa.
Q3: What are the key academic strengths of these institutions?
A: Their strengths vary from law, medicine, agriculture, engineering, education, and the arts.
Q4: Do these universities have international affiliations?
A: Yes, many of them collaborate with institutions abroad for research, exchange programs, and curriculum development.
Q5: Is the University of Nigeria, Nsukka older than OAU?
A: Yes, UNN was founded in 1960, while OAU (formerly University of Ife) was established in 1961.
Q6: Which university has the most stable academic calendar?
A: The University of Ilorin (UNILORIN) is widely known for its uninterrupted academic calendar.
Q7: Are these universities government-funded?
A: Yes, all the universities listed are federally funded public institutions.
Q8: Can I apply to these universities through JAMB?
A: Yes, all applications to these institutions go through the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB).
Q9: Which of these schools has the largest student population?
A: Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) and the University of Ilorin have some of the largest student populations.
Q10: Do these universities offer distance learning programs?
A: Some of them, like UI and UNILAG, offer distance learning and part-time programs for various degrees.
Conclusion
The oldest universities in Nigeria are more than just academic institutions—they are historic foundations that have shaped the nation’s future. From Ibadan to Jos, these schools have produced countless thought leaders, professionals, and innovators who continue to drive progress in every field. Choosing one of these universities not only connects you to a legacy of excellence but also sets you on a path of rich academic and personal growth.
