Geography remains one of the key subjects offered in the JAMB UTME, especially for candidates applying for courses in Environmental Science, Urban & Regional Planning, Geology, Geography, and more.
To maximize your chances of success in the 2025/2026 JAMB Geography exam, focusing on repeated and high-priority topics is essential. This guide outlines the most frequently tested topics, study tips, and frequently asked questions.
Overview of JAMB Geography Exam Format
-
Number of Questions: 40
-
Type: Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
-
Time Allocation: Part of the 2-hour UTME session
-
Source Syllabus: WAEC/NECO Geography Curriculum
Highly Repeated Topics in JAMB Geography Exam (2025/2026)
Here’s a comprehensive list of the most consistently repeated and high-yield Geography topics in JAMB:
1. Rocks and Rock Types
-
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic rocks
-
Characteristics and formation
-
Economic importance of rocks
Why it’s common: Foundational knowledge tested nearly every year.
2. Climate and Weather
-
Elements of weather (temperature, rainfall, humidity, etc.)
-
Types of climate: Equatorial, Tropical, Desert, Mediterranean
-
Instruments used in weather stations
-
Factors affecting climate
Tip: Expect diagram-based and data interpretation questions.
3. Map Reading and Interpretation
-
Types of scales and measurement (linear, ratio, statement)
-
Relief representation: contour lines and cross-section
-
Direction, bearing, and grid references
-
Interpreting physical and human features on topographic maps
High-priority area with 5–7 questions per exam.
4. Environmental Hazards
-
Types of hazards: Floods, droughts, erosion, desertification
-
Causes and effects
-
Mitigation and prevention methods
JAMB often sets current, real-world scenario questions here.
5. Population Studies
-
Population distribution and density
-
Population structure and growth
-
Census: types, methods, and challenges
-
Effects of overpopulation and underpopulation
Expect questions on population pyramids and demographic transition.
6. Earth’s Structure and Movements
-
Layers of the earth (crust, mantle, core)
-
Plate tectonics
-
Earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain building
-
Types and effects of movements
Often linked to case studies of natural disasters.
7. Geography of Nigeria
-
Location, size, and physical features
-
Vegetation and climatic zones
-
Natural resources and minerals
-
Agricultural practices
-
Transportation and trade
Local content is often emphasized by JAMB.
8. Settlement Geography
-
Types of settlements: rural and urban
-
Settlement patterns and hierarchy
-
Urbanization and its effects
-
Functions of settlements
Key area for comparison-based questions.
9. Economic and Regional Geography
-
Major economic activities: agriculture, mining, fishing, manufacturing
-
Major regions in Africa and the world
-
ECOWAS and regional integration
-
Trade: import, export, balance of trade
Look out for JAMB’s favorite—trade-related questions.
10. Soil and Vegetation
-
Types of soil and their properties
-
Soil profile and formation
-
Vegetation types (e.g., tropical rainforest, savanna, desert)
-
Human impact on vegetation
Very frequent questions on soil and vegetation zones in Nigeria and Africa.
11. Transportation and Communication
-
Types of transport: road, rail, air, water
-
Importance and problems of transportation
-
Communication systems in Nigeria
Focus here is usually on application-based questions.
12. Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
-
Meaning and uses of GIS
-
Remote sensing and satellite imagery
-
Benefits and limitations
Newer but increasingly common in recent years.
Study Tips for JAMB Geography 2025
-
Practice Topographic Maps:
Don’t skip practical sections like relief interpretation and compass reading. -
Use Visual Aids:
Study diagrams, maps, and tables to improve recall. -
Revise Past Questions:
Identify question patterns and frequently tested themes. -
Understand Keywords:
Many options are similar—understand core definitions and terminologies. -
Focus on Local Examples:
Questions often reference Nigerian context—e.g., Niger River, Jos Plateau.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Does JAMB repeat Geography questions?
Yes, JAMB often recycles questions or modifies them slightly.
2. How many questions come from Map Reading?
Usually 5–7 questions are dedicated to map interpretation.
3. What are the best textbooks for JAMB Geography?
-
Comprehensive Geography for Senior Secondary Schools by A. O. Afolabi
-
Essential Geography by O.A. Iwena
-
JAMB Syllabus & Past Questions
4. Is GIS a compulsory topic in 2025?
It’s not compulsory, but GIS and Remote Sensing have featured in recent exams. Best to study it.
5. Is diagram labeling important in JAMB Geography?
Yes, especially for climate instruments, river courses, and soil profiles.
Conclusion
Scoring high in JAMB Geography 2025/2026 is achievable when you focus on highly repeated topics. Master key areas like map reading, climate, settlement, and Nigerian geography, and back it up with consistent practice of past questions.
